What is Jet: Definition and 327 Discussions

Jet fuel or aviation turbine fuel (ATF, also abbreviated avtur) is a type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines. It is colorless to straw-colored in appearance. The most commonly used fuels for commercial aviation are Jet A and Jet A-1, which are produced to a standardized international specification. The only other jet fuel commonly used in civilian turbine-engine powered aviation is Jet B, which is used for its enhanced cold-weather performance.
Jet fuel is a mixture of a variety of hydrocarbons. Because the exact composition of jet fuel varies widely based on petroleum source, it is impossible to define jet fuel as a ratio of specific hydrocarbons. Jet fuel is therefore defined as a performance specification rather than a chemical compound. Furthermore, the range of molecular mass between hydrocarbons (or different carbon numbers) is defined by the requirements for the product, such as the freezing point or smoke point. Kerosene-type jet fuel (including Jet A and Jet A-1, JP-5, and JP-8) has a carbon number distribution between about 8 and 16 (carbon atoms per molecule); wide-cut or naphtha-type jet fuel (including Jet B and JP-4), between about 5 and 15.

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  1. G

    Calculating Takeoff Speed for Jumbo Jet: m/s^2

    Homework Statement A jumbo jet must reach a speed of 360 km/h on the runway for takeoff. What is the lowest constant acceleration needed for takeoff from a 1.69 km runway? Answer in m/s^2
  2. R

    Supersonic Jet: Mach 3 at Altitude 20,000m - Shock Wave & Boom Times

    Homework Statement A supersonic jet traveling at Mach 3.00 at an altitude of 20,000 meters is directly over a person at a time t=0 as show in figure (see below). (a) At what time will the person encounter the the shock wave? (b) Where will the plane be when the "boom" is finally heard? (Assume...
  3. B

    Can Jet Engines Run Without Gasoline?

    I don't know a lot about jet engines and how they exactly work but is it possible to run a jet engine without gasoline? Are there any different fuels that can be used for the engine to give more propulsion or give it more time in the air?
  4. M

    How Do You Calculate Force on a Water Jet Deflected by a Plate?

    Homework Statement A jet of water going through a nozzle is deflected by a flat plate. Get Q, Velocity, Force The volumetric flow rate of water through the nozzle is 10 Litres in 7 seconds The water temperature is 20 degrees celcius. We are using a flat plate so theta = 90 degrees...
  5. M

    Jet Engine: Turbine Blades and Temperature

    Hey! I am trying to find some figures on the environmental conditions a turbine blade in a Jet Engine would have to withstand, and the materials that are necessary to prevent the blade from failing. I have taken the example of the 'Trent Engine' or so I think it is called. I have read that...
  6. F

    Searching for Gluon Radiation Probability Equation for Z Decay Jet Structure

    Hi I am searching for the equation for the radiation probability of a gluon from a quark. I need this for an explanation of the jet structure after a Z decay. Because I heard that hard gluons are radiated with small angles to the quark. This means the energy is focused in the directions of the...
  7. S

    How fast is this jet (UFO?) traveling in this video?

    Homework Statement I want to know how fast this jet, bird, UFO is traveling at around 1:51. It appears to the right of Dana's head in the interview. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvDAeosvDNw&eurl EDIT: I guess this forum doesn't do embedding?Homework Equations No idea, but here's a...
  8. C

    What is the work done on the jet by the catapult?

    A fighter jet is launched from an aircraft carrier with the aid of its own engines and a steam-powered catapult. The thrust of its engines is 2.20 * 10^5 N. In being launched from rest it moves through a distance of 87 m and has a kinetic energy of 4.00 *10^7 J at lift-off. What is the work done...
  9. M

    F= 2721.5/0.00064516F=4 230 728 kg/m2Force of Water Jet on 1 cm²: 4.2M kg/m2

    Homework Statement What is the force on 1cm squared exerted by a water jet? Water jet does 6000 pounds of force per square inch Homework Equations F=P/A The Attempt at a Solution first convert 6000 pounds into kg 6000 pounds= 2 721.5kg and 1 square inch is 0.00064516 m2
  10. mheslep

    Biofuel steps into the Jet fuel market

    Showman Sir R. Branson put on another display that highlighted some technical and business advances on the use of biofuel instead of the traditional kerosene source for jet fuel. Branson's Virgin Airways flew a 747 Sunday from London to Amsterdam w/ one of the four engines using a...
  11. K

    Work done on the jet by the catapult

    Homework Statement A fighter jet is launched from an aircraft carrier with the aid of its own engines and a steam-powered catapult. The thrust of its engines is 3.14 x 10^5 N. In being launched from rest it moves through a distance of 85.1 m and has a kinetic energy of 5.63 x 10^7 J at...
  12. M

    Jet Engines: How Do They Move Forward?

    O.k i understand that a jet engine gains its thrust by pushing heated air out its nozzel, but i was wondering if that the reason it goes forward is because the speed of it being released out the rear nozzel is moving faster than the air can get pushed out of the way so the some of the force is...
  13. M

    Formula for calculating turbo jet thrust?

    Can anyone tell me some formulae that i can use for finding the thrust in a remote control turbojet engine if the area of the intake is 196.35cm square and the exhaust is 78.5cm square and the pressure increases by 31 times?
  14. S

    Charge deflection in ink jet printer

    Homework Statement In an inkjet printer, letters are built up by squirting drops of ink at the paper from a rapidly moving nozzle. The pattern on the paper is controlled by an electrostatic valve that determines at each nozzle position whether ink is squirted onto the paper or not. The ink...
  15. M

    Thrust Vectoring - Jet Aircraft

    To go off on a tangent - I am watching a discovery channel program about the F22 fighter. A pilot (who looks about 15) is describing how the aircraft's engine is unique because it can vector thrust for manouverability and can fly supersonic without afterburner. I suppose that's true now that...
  16. Cyrus

    Is the Jet Age of Computers Revolutionizing User Interface Design?

    I must admit. I am slowly becoming a tech junkie. I have office 2007, and its great. I use microsoft outlook to link to my msn mail and my school email -sweet. I also downloaded Internet Explorer 7, really really nice program. I have 7 home pages that all load up each time I open IE and it...
  17. F

    One Dimensional Kinematics Jet Problem

    Homework Statement A Boeing 747 "Jumbo Jet" has a length of 59.7 m. The runway on which the plane lands intersects another runway. The width of the intersection is 29.9 m. The plane decelerates through the intersection at a rate of 6.33 m/s2 and clears it with a final speed of 42.3 m/s. How...
  18. G

    Physics Problems: Fighter Jet, Forces, and Airplane Speeds Explained

    Hello. I do not really understand how to solve these problems and was hoping that you could help/explain them to me. Thanks. 1. A fighter plane moving 200 m/s horizontally fires a projectile with speed 50.0 m/s in a forward direction 30 degrees below the horizontal. What is the speed of the...
  19. P

    Jet + ion lifting hovering jet will it work?

    ok, I am not a physics student, engineer, or mathematician, but i have an idea i need to know will work or not. we've all undoubtedly seen star wars ep 1 with the podracer race...floating engines. would an alternator connected to a turbojet produce enough voltage to power an ion lifter? are...
  20. N

    :Launching a Jet: Understand the Physics of a Catapult

    An aircraft carriers capapult accelerates a 2000-kg jet aircraft from rst to a lauch speed of 320m/s in 2.0s. a) The net force on the plane is ? b) the length of the catapult is ? F= m/a Lenght= at^2/2 vf=vo*at 320m/s= (0) * a * 2.0s a= 160 m/s F= 2000kg *...
  21. C

    Speed of sound super sonic jet

    Quick Question...If a supersonic jet passes directly in front of you and you are infinitely close to the jet (there is no distance between you and the jet theoretically), would you hear the jet as it passes you or after it has already passed you? I think you would hear it as it passes...
  22. M

    Jet Propulsion Career Advice: Best Route & Top Colleges in Plymouth, UK

    Hi, my mate has just left school and wants a career in jet propulsion or aircraft structure, he lives in plymouth (uk) and don't have any A to C grades... what would you recommend his best route is? and what decent colleges are there that specialize in this sort of thing?
  23. M

    Bernoulli Continuity Water Jet Problem

    Homework Statement A disk with mass M=5.0 lbm is constrained horizontally but is allowed to freely move vertically. The disk is struck from below by a vertical jet of water the water jet has a velocity V=35ft/s and a diameter d=1 inch at the exit of the nozzle. (a) Derive the general expression...
  24. Q

    Kinetic Friction of jet powered skiis

    Homework Statement Joe, whose mass is 80kg, takes off across level snow in his jet powered skiis. The skiis have a thrust of 186N and a coefficient of kinetic friction on snow of 0.1. Unfortunately, the skiis run out of fuel after only 8 s. What is Joe's top speed? How far has Joe traveled...
  25. kach22i

    Hoverboards - Flying Saucers - Jet Packs

    Future Horizons Hoverboards - Flying Saucers - Jet Packs http://www.futurehorizons.net/ I think the TV program "Mythbusters" debunked the JetPack design, but why should they have all the fun? Come on guys and gals, rip these guys a new one. :lol: I think the Flying Saucer actually has a...
  26. kach22i

    The Cold Jet (ducted fan/propeller)

    I had an idea once which I'd like to go into a little. It involves how a fan or propeller draws in air verses only providing thrust. The idea is/was to cut down on aerodynamic drag and resistance a propeller imposes once the craft is up to speed. By having a remote fan/propeller air intake...
  27. kach22i

    What is the Next Generation Propulsion Technology at RRX Aerospace?

    FYI: http://www.rutherford-research.ca/rrx/aerospace/nextGenPropulsion.php Click link above to see pictures and description.
  28. D

    Water jet from air pressure: find velocity

    Homework Statement it told: 1. Water is forced out of a fire extinguisher by air pressure 2. the water level in the tank is 0.500 m. below the nozzle 3. find gauge air pressure in the tank (above atmosphere) for water jet to have speed of 30.0 m/s Homework Equations...
  29. B

    Jet Engines and the Forces They Create - Confirmed?

    last year i did a jet engine workshop n one of the instructor there told us that both the engines on an aircraft(ofcourse an aircraft with an engine on each wing or maybe more on each) are run in same direction(i mean same sense of rotation) n this induces a transeverse force of the aircraft...
  30. P

    Jet engine thermodynamic non sequitur.

    Hi all, This has been bugging me all day, so I thought I'd seek the help and advice of the internet. When a plane is stationary, you’d have to say that its jet engines are doing no useful work. The engines apply a static force on the airframe and could be said to be running at zero...
  31. P

    Jet Engine Doubt: How Does Temp & Pressure Affect Efficiency?

    A Jet Engine doubt... Hi folks... My aerospace propulsion professor taught me that, in the combustion chamber of a jet engine, during combustion, the pressure instead of increasing, decreases. I have 2 questions. 1) Is it true? 2) If yes, how? How and in what way does temperature, and...
  32. B

    Pulse jets and ram jets as part of my course on jet propulsion

    i was reading about pulse jets and ram jets as part of my course on jet propulsion. all i was told was that they are aero-thermo-dynamic-ducts. couldn't understand what they mean. checked google, but the articles i got were vague. could someone explain what aero-thermo-dynamic-ducts are?
  33. S

    How Does an Electrostatic Ink-Jet Printer Manipulate Charged Ink Drops?

    1. One type of ink-jet printer, called an electrostatic ink-jet printer, forms the letters by using deflecting electrodes to steer charged ink drops up and down vertically as the ink jet sweeps horizontally across the page. The ink jet forms 30.0 (mu)m diameter drops of ink, charges them by...
  34. Y

    How does the Jetpack International rocket belt work?

    Here is a link to videos of it: http://www.jetpackinternational.com/video.html" Can anyone give me information about this thing? Like how it works and what does it use for fuel.
  35. R

    Exploring M87's Jet: Questions & Answers

    I have several questions concerning M87's jet: 1. From observations by the HST of the jet, its speed was determined to be several times faster than that of light. The superluminal effect has been attributed to visual effects, a conclusion I do not dispute. However, I do not understand how...
  36. S

    Temperature of the back of a turbine jet engine (or something like that)

    can anybody please tell me the temperature (degrees Celsius please.) there is at the back of a normal turbine jet engine (or something like that:-p )?? i couldn't find it on wikipedia or something like that:frown: so i ask it here:approve:
  37. zoki85

    Jet Sound Contribution to Shock Waves Near Supersonic Planes

    Typical supersonic airplane in supersonic flight creates 2 shock waves (2 Mach cones): "N-shaped" shock wave. How much of the "sound" energy near the shock waves region is contributed by the sound emmited from jet engines work?
  38. B

    Calculate Jet Engine Thrust for 800 kg Jet Takeoff with 4 m/s^-2 Acceleration

    Homework Statement Calculate the engine thrust required to produce an acceleration of 4 m/s^-2 in a jet of mass 800 kg as it takes off along the runway. The air resistance is 500 N Appreciate if anyone can check if I have used the correct equation, and my answer. Homework Equations F - R...
  39. Ivan Seeking

    Commercial jet flies with anti-missile system

    http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/01/16/airline.anti.missile.ap/index.html?eref=rss_topstories
  40. K

    Jet airplane (sound waves) problem

    The intensity of the sound wave from a jet airplane is 9.00 W/m2 at a distance of 4.8 m. At what rate does the jet airplane radiate energy in the form of sound waves? Assume that the sound wave radiates from the airplane equally in all directions. I am having trouble starting this problem...
  41. D

    Shelf Life of Jet Fuel JP-5: How to Predict and Extend Shelf Life?

    What is the shelf life of jet fuel especial for JP-5? How to predict it? My homework ask me to write topic about this but I don't have any idea. Is that correct for the 4 years of the shelf life of JP-5?
  42. Ivan Seeking

    Pacific Wind's ThrustPac: Bicycle Jet Backpack

    Bicycle "Jet" Backpack http://www.netscape.com/viewstory/2006/10/04/propeller-propulsion-to-use-with-your-bicycle/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirou.com%2F2006%2F10%2F04%2Fpersonal-jet-pack%2F&frame=true Pacific Wind homepage http://www.personalpropulsion.com/products.htm
  43. I

    At what angle must you point the jet ski if your velocity relative

    Hw Help! I'm struggling with 3 problems, can anyone help me out? (1)You are riding on a jet ski at an angle upstream on a river flowing with a speed of 2.8 m/s. Suppose the jet ski is moving at a speed of 11 m/s relative to the water. At what angle must you point the jet ski if your velocity...
  44. Cyrus

    Cool RC Jet Stuff - Too Pricey for Me

    Cool RC Jet stuff, but out of my price range. :frown: They are about 10-20k per airplane. [PLAIN]&mode=related&search=[/URL] But worth every penny. [PLAIN]&mode=related&search=[/URL] Inside the jet, pretty neat...you can really hear that jet engine spool up in flight. [PLAIN][/URL]
  45. J

    Understanding Airflow and Pressure Changes in Jet Engine Design

    Hello, I'm Arman, new user here. I'm a jet-engine designer and I'm really interested in building and running different types of jet engines. I have quetion now: Some amount of air enters a cone shaped pipe with a minimum diameter of 6 cm and a maximum diameter of 10 cm, and a length of 7 cm...
  46. T

    Lowering Jet Sound Intensity Below Pain Threshold

    the pain threshold of your ears is about 130 phon.The sound levelclose to a jet (r=1m) when it takes off is about 150 phon.How far do you have to go away in order to lower the intensity level below the pain threshold?? anyone pls tell me the formula to use so that i can calculate as i can't...
  47. N

    'Jet' engine with positive displacement compressor?

    Aside from early diesel engines, does anyone know of brayton-cycle engine that uses a positive displacement compressor rather than an aerodynamic one?
  48. R

    Question about jet propulsion.

    In the general thrust equation in order for a jet engine, either turbojet, ramjet, or scramjet, to produce net thrust the speed of the exiting exhaust has to be greater than the incoming speed of the air flow. Then the net thrust is the mass exhaust rate times exhaust speed minus the air mass...
  49. I

    Scram Jet Blimps: Reaching Space with Rigid Dirigibles and Scram Jets

    Would a Rigid Dirigible or Rigid Blimp setup with Scrams Jets be sufficient to reach space?
  50. B

    Seeking Answers on Jet Engines

    i found this on another messageboard and couldn't find an answer. any help? Question about jet engines... From: Bisected8 | Posted: 2/6/2006 9:26:42 AM | Message Detail | #001 Is the fuel used to move the fans by way of an internal combustion engine (thus compressing the air and forcing it...
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