What is Jet: Definition and 327 Discussions

Jet fuel or aviation turbine fuel (ATF, also abbreviated avtur) is a type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines. It is colorless to straw-colored in appearance. The most commonly used fuels for commercial aviation are Jet A and Jet A-1, which are produced to a standardized international specification. The only other jet fuel commonly used in civilian turbine-engine powered aviation is Jet B, which is used for its enhanced cold-weather performance.
Jet fuel is a mixture of a variety of hydrocarbons. Because the exact composition of jet fuel varies widely based on petroleum source, it is impossible to define jet fuel as a ratio of specific hydrocarbons. Jet fuel is therefore defined as a performance specification rather than a chemical compound. Furthermore, the range of molecular mass between hydrocarbons (or different carbon numbers) is defined by the requirements for the product, such as the freezing point or smoke point. Kerosene-type jet fuel (including Jet A and Jet A-1, JP-5, and JP-8) has a carbon number distribution between about 8 and 16 (carbon atoms per molecule); wide-cut or naphtha-type jet fuel (including Jet B and JP-4), between about 5 and 15.

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  1. N

    What would happen when a jet travelling at Mach 10 experiences engine failure

    If a hypersonic jet (Mach 10) were to experience sudden engine failure at high altitude what would happen? Would it continue traveling forward, slowly decelerating and descending, thereby giving the pilot chance to attempt a controlled engine restart? Or would the jet experience catastrophic...
  2. F

    Why is a potential core region of a jet called a potential core ?

    Why is a "potential core" region of a jet called a "potential core"? We all know that there exists a region called "potential core" in a jet where there are no mean velocity gradients. My question is, why is it called a "potential" core?
  3. A

    Waves and sounds, finding the speed of a jet using the speed of sound

    Homework Statement A jet is flying horizontally, as the drawing shows. When the plane is directly overhead at B, a person on the ground hears the sound coming from A in the drawing. The average temperature of the air is 20 oC. If the speed of the plane at A is 180 m/s, what is its speed at...
  4. N

    Energy of an axisymmetric fluid jet

    Can someone give me an go ahead of how I can calculate the energy associated with an axis symmetric jet? I have included the schematic of the flow as an attachment.
  5. T

    Light amplification jet engine?

    Using a series of focal reflectors, built in antenna strategically placed for proper phasing the EMF amplification system. Kinda like a space hyper engine. Possible? I can draw some blueprints I think.
  6. Y

    Comparing propane jet burner with normal burner.

    I am looking at some propane jet burner. They rated higher BTU than the regular burner. What is the difference between them and the advantage and disadvantage? Thanks
  7. C

    Stellar object ejects a jet Special Relativity

    Homework Statement A stellar object at some known large distance ejects a ‘jet’ at speed v towards an observer obliquely, making an angle θ with the line of sight. To the observer the jet appears to be ejected sideways at speed V . Prove V = c sin θ (c/v − cos θ )−1 , and show that this...
  8. H

    Help with COMSOL - Turbulent flow & Heat transfer Impacting Jet in Low-Re

    Hello I am trying to validate my model by comparing a simple axisymetric 2D impacting flow of air on a surface. The geometry is simple: a cylindrical (diameter d=26.5e-3[m]) jet of air (debit Speed Ud=13.46[m/s]) is impacting a surface at distance H=0.2833[m]. Flow temp is Tj=20°C Wall...
  9. S

    Exploring Cyclic Symmetry: A Jet Engine Primer

    Hi, Please can anyone explian what is cyclic symmetry? I'm new to this term and have encountered this in jet engine example Vishal
  10. G

    How Much Charge is Needed for an Ink Drop to Deflect in an Inkjet Printer?

    Homework Statement In the somewhat ‘archaic’ inkjet printers, letters are built up by squirting drops of ink at the paper from a rapidly moving nozzle. The pattern on the paper is controlled by an electrostatic valve that determines at each nozzle position whether ink is squirted onto the...
  11. J

    Impact force of a water jet upon a target (fluid mechanics)

    This one is actually for a lab assignment. In the experiment you shoot a jet of water upward vertically at a variety of targets with different geometries (a flat plate, various cups). The target is suspended from a rod, and on top of the rod is a cup where you can add weights, held up by a...
  12. B

    Exploring Jet Propulsion: Building a Replica Model of a Hero's Engine

    hi Im currently studying aeronautical engineering at college and needed some ideas for projects and whether they would be pliable or not My current idea: A replica of hero's engine to show the basic principles of jet propulsion but to spice the idea up a little bit, i was thinking about...
  13. L

    Bernoulli's pitot tube jet question

    Homework Statement The tip of the Pitot tube is at the top of the jet. Calculate the flowrate and the angle θ . Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Please see attached images. 1 is the question and 1 is my attempted solution. I think I perhaps have done the first part...
  14. Arjun Ar

    Why can't Jet planes fly in space?

    Why can't Jet planes fly in space? Is is because it doesn't get lift or is it due to the absence of atmosphere?
  15. S

    Jet vs. Wheel Efficiency: Which is More Effective for Land-Based Vehicles?

    Let's suppose one wanted to move a wheeled, land-based vehicle. Generally, which would be more efficient, and why? Using a jet of air straight out the back (like the Batmobile seen in the 1989 Batman movie) or absorbing most of jet's thrust through a turbine and delivering that force to the...
  16. C

    Can Black Holes be Propelled by Ion Engines?

    Jet propelled Black Holes by ion engine? Might asymmetry of jets for BH, together with Newton’s Third Law, result in high velocity over time, from an ion engine? Perhaps even several 100 km/s? Might Large Synoptic Telescope detect motion of associated binary massive star?
  17. H

    Fluid dynamics (2nd year undergrad) question on jet incident on a plate

    Homework Statement A circular jet of water of radius r1 is propelled vertically downwards and hits a circular plate of radius r2 (> r1 ) so that the centre of the jet is incident onto the centre of the plate. The velocity of the jet as it hits the plate is v and is normal to the plate...
  18. Saladsamurai

    Jet Fuels: JP-8 (3773) vs. JP-8 (4177)

    Can anybody point me in the direction of some documentation that can help me to distinguish between these two fuels? I have been searching for hours and I keep coming across articles that use these as sample fuels in experiments, but none that actually describes the numbering convention? I...
  19. A

    Force on a plate due to air jet

    Suppose there is a plate with area A, on which jet of air with velocity 'v' is striking, then force on it will be = (density) * A* v^2 But if we go by basics i.e. F = d(mv)/dt = v d(m)/dt + m d(v)/ dt here i am not able to figure out that why the second term i.e. m d(v)/ dt is zero...
  20. D

    Jet Engine Question Homework: Find Thrust w/ 100% Efficiency

    Homework Statement The major difference between a jet engine and a rocket engine is that a rocket carries its own oxidizer, usually in the form of liquid oxygen (LOX). A jet takes in air from the atmosphere as it moves, uses it to burn the fuel, and then ejects all the gases out the back...
  21. L

    What Data is Needed to Understand the Formation of Black Hole Jets?

    Dear Internet- As part of an introductory Astronomy course, it is time to compile a mock research proposal, specifically to give us an idea of what real scientists do. The purpose of it is to focus on a particular not-yet-understood phenomenon of astronomy, and describe the process we would...
  22. J

    Finding H in Water Jet Problem

    Homework Statement Water at 20C in a tank at a height of 85cm and 75kPa gage flows out and creates a vertical jet determine the height,H, to which the jet rises Homework Equations Bernoulli P1+.5*rho*v1^2+g*rho*H= P2 + .5*rho*v2^2 +g*rho*.85 The Attempt at a Solution My...
  23. P

    General relativity and jet travel makes you fat?

    Hi everyone! I'm a pilot on a private jet, in conversation one of the crew mentioned that "You get younger when flying." Now I had to correct him saying that actually it's just that time slows down as you go faster. Unfortunately for the flight attendant, going faster also means that she puts...
  24. B

    Questions about Jet Engines: F-14, F-105 and X-51 Waverider

    Hello, I have a question regarding jet engines. Fighter craft such as the F-14, and more obviously (from a visual stand point) the F-105 have some sort of device that controls air flowing to the compressor. Apparently the air must be slowed to subsonic speeds in order to avoid stalling the...
  25. T

    Can Salome handle pulse jet physics for CFD simulation?

    I've been intrigued lately by pulse jet engines and their simplicity. Unfortunately, they are notoriously loud and inefficient. I've come up with a design that I think may improve both of those, but before trying to actually build it, I thought it would be a good idea to try to model it first...
  26. P

    Jet Throw Distance Calculation

    Good Evening all Ok confesions first I am an engineer not a physicist. However i have a problem i hope you can help with. How do you calculated the distance water will travel from a jet on the horazontal through water itself. I know i have a jet oriface of 4mm, i have 53.33 litres per...
  27. M

    Force on a plate due to an air jet

    1. I am trying to come up with an explanation as to why the force on a plate as provided by a jet of air, does not vary with the distance from the plate. We set up in a lab a vertical pointing air jet giving a constant output and gradually increased the height of the plate above the jet whilst...
  28. Astronuc

    Turbine-electric Jag accelerates like a jet

    Jaguar has new automobile design Turbine-electric Jag accelerates like a jet http://www.jaguar.com/us/en/#/about_jaguar/news_pr/cx75 Swoosh! :-p
  29. M

    Pressures in front and behind LP fan on jet engine

    My friends (all A&P Aircraft mechanics) say I'm nuts. A co-worker and I attended a Honneywell TFE731 jet engine maintenance school. During the class the instructor asked this question, "which side of the front fan on a TFE731 engine has the highest pressure?" His answer was the front. (we are...
  30. F

    Determine the power of the jet engine of an airplane

    Homework Statement The jet engine of an airplane takes in 130 kg of air per second, which is burned with 4.3 kg of fuel per second. The burned gases leave the plane at a speed of 600 m/s (relative to the plane). If the plane is traveling 260 m/s, determine the power (hp) delivered...
  31. N

    Finding required thrust power for jet engine aircraft.

    Homework Statement I need to find required thrust power for lockeed s3a. I know Thrust=Drag in horizontal flight. For take off, need to use the take off angle, split the Weight (G) into 2 components using the takeoff angle... Same for landing. Given: G=19278kg ---> 19278*9.81=189,1kN...
  32. D

    Calculating Jet Velocity with Kinematic Equations

    Homework Statement Mike is piloting a lear jet traveling at 203.6 m/s over a distance of 2395 meters. How fast will the jet be moving at the end of this acceleration?Homework Equations V = D/T? You need to incorporate one of the "kinematic equations" in order to solve. V=Vo + at X=1/2(Vo -V)T...
  33. M

    Building a Jet Engine - Step by Step Guide

    Hi guys... we are currently interested -in our clip of aerospace engineering in my uni.- to build a complete jet engine ... unfortunately.. we have not yet found any detailed explanation to each step in doing so .. if you have any link or uploaded book or even you remember some manuals...
  34. A

    Calculating Jet Plane's Acceleration After Full Throttle

    Homework Statement A jet plane is cruising at 300 m/s when suddenly the pilot turns the engines up to full throttle. After traveling 2 km, the jet is moving with a speed of 400 m/s. What is the jet's acceleration (in m/s/s) during this interval assuming the acceleration to be constant...
  35. V

    Jet Engine Design: Tools & Softwares

    what are tools or softwares are available to design and test new jet engine?
  36. J

    What are the forces acting on a jet engine when encountering turbulence?

    Homework Statement A 1600kg jet engine is fastened to the fuselage of a passenger jet by just three bolts (this is the usual practice). Assume that each bolt supports one-third of the load. (b) During flight, the plane encounters turbulence, which suddenly imparts an upward vertical...
  37. T

    Ball thrown into a vertical jet?

    Ball thrown into a vertical jet? Homework Statement Like any good physicist, I always have a ball in my pocket to throw into the vertical jet of any fountain I happen to find. The result is entertaining (at least I think so). Explain, with a sketch, what you expect to see (you need not...
  38. V

    Thermodynamic cycle of jet engine

    How to choose thermodynamic cycle for designing new jet engine? While designing new jet engine what parameters are important for choosing thermodynamic cycle? what other parameters are important for jet engine designing?
  39. B

    What Happens When a Black Hole Swallows Another Black Hole?

    I just read an article about recently observed jets emitted from a black hole, apparently due to the extreme acceleration of something falling into it. Now I'm wondering what would happen if the object accelerating into the black hole was another black hole. Yes, black holes are expected to...
  40. Phrak

    Could a Valveless Pulse Jet Engine Eliminate the Need for Moving Parts?

    A pulse jet has only one moving part. Nice. But what if it didn't need any moving parts? Stupid idea, right? Check out this stupid idea. They're all over the internet. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5U-grFuXZ9U&feature=related"
  41. S

    Anomalous Quasar Observations 200k Light Year Jet? And So On.

    If Astronomers stated that they had using the Hubble telescope found a remote island on the Earth with 1000 meter tall Homo sapiens we would based on scientific knowledge and logic concerning the biological limits of animal structure (any land based animal that moves on the surface of the earth)...
  42. D

    Why Jet Engines are Attached to Airplane Wings

    why jet engines are attached to the wings of the airplane ,not other part?:confused:
  43. B

    Estimating Rotary Blade Distance for Jet Turbine Compression

    As an example what is the estimated distance between each blade of a Jet Turbine blade and how far would each rotary blade be from the other to compress the air within the turbine housing? My accomplishment would be to make a miniture sized electirc turbine, which i have made when i was 13...
  44. I

    What Tank Shape Ensures Constant Height Change Rate in Fluid Mechanics?

    Homework Statement A liquid is to drain through a small exit port at the bottom of an axisymmetric tank that is open at the top. Find a tank shape such that the rate of change of the height of the free surface is constant (at least until the tank is almost empty). Assume that Bernoulli’s...
  45. M

    Note: This is not a real webpage, just a hypothetical title for the content.

    if i were to connect a central axis to the turbine in a small jet engine and down gear it using planetary gearing is there potential for jet a type engine to put out some "real" tourque is there a way i could figure this in foot lbs using the thrust? absolute pressure? thermal efficiency?
  46. P

    Sound intensity level of a jet

    Homework Statement A jet traveling overhead at an altitude of 5000 feet produces a sound intensity level of 80 dB. What would the figure be for an eight of 1000 feet? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution
  47. K

    How Does the Loudness Change When Two Jets Fly Together?

    please reply me i have a doubt. if two jet planes are flying together each producing 130 db sound. then what is the level of loudness heared by a person standing there. no other parameters are known. I have two concepts in mind ie) 1. every fundamental frequency produce hormonics and when two...
  48. V

    What are the Pros and Cons of High Bypass Ratio Jet Engines?

    low bypass ratio engine has low mas flow and high speed, high bypass ratio engine has high mass flow and low average speed. if the high bypass ratio engine has high mass flow and high average speed, what are the advantages and disadvantages of this jet engine?
  49. D

    Unravelling the Subtropical Jet Stream

    Hi, what is the subtropical jet stream? thanks :)
  50. wolram

    Jet Engine Life Span: What to Know

    Does a jet engine have a life span?
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