Calculate Energy Density of Spherical Capacitor

In summary, a spherical capacitor is formed by two concentric shells with a potential difference of 110V applied. The energy density at r=10.6cm, just outside the inner sphere, can be found by using the equation u=1/2eoE^2 where E=V/d and d is the difference in radii. However, this method may not work as the E-field between the shells is not uniform. The E-field inside a charged conducting sphere is zero, so the field pattern between the spheres will resemble that of a point charge. The challenge will be relating the field strength at a given location to the potential difference between the spheres.
  • #1
AGGENGR
20
0
A capacitor is formed from two concentric spherical conducting shells separated by vacuum. The inner sphere has radius 10.5cm , and the outer sphere has radius 15.5cm . A potential difference of 110V is applied to the capacitor.

What is the energy density at r= 10.6cm , just outside the inner sphere?

What is the energy density at r = 15.4cm , just inside the outer sphere?

u = 1/2eoE^2 & E=V/dBasically i found E-field between the shells by using E=V/d where d was the difference in radii. Then subbed that into the Energy density one. Wrong

I also tried to add radii then divide by 2 and use the given 10.6 cm value. Wrong and Wrong.

 
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  • #2
The E field won't be uniform with distance between the spheres. Recall that the field inside a charged conducting sphere due to a charge on that sphere is zero, implying that any charge on the outer sphere is not going to influence the field due to the charge on the inner sphere. So the field pattern between the spheres will look like that of a point charge, radiating outward. So the trick will be relating the field strength at a given location to the potential placed between the spheres.

Take a look at the Hyperphysics webpage on the Spherical Capacitor.
 

Related to Calculate Energy Density of Spherical Capacitor

1. What is a spherical capacitor?

A spherical capacitor is a type of capacitor with a spherical shape that consists of two concentric spherical conductors, separated by a dielectric material.

2. How is energy density calculated for a spherical capacitor?

The energy density of a spherical capacitor can be calculated using the formula: U = Q² / (8πε₀r³), where U is the energy density, Q is the total charge on the capacitor, ε₀ is the permittivity of free space, and r is the radius of the spherical capacitor.

3. What is the unit of energy density for a spherical capacitor?

The unit of energy density for a spherical capacitor is joules per cubic meter (J/m³).

4. What factors affect the energy density of a spherical capacitor?

The energy density of a spherical capacitor is affected by the total charge on the capacitor, the permittivity of the dielectric material, and the radius of the spherical capacitor.

5. How is the energy density of a spherical capacitor related to the capacitance?

The energy density of a spherical capacitor is directly proportional to the capacitance. This means that as the capacitance increases, the energy density also increases. The relationship between energy density and capacitance can be expressed as: U ∝ C.

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