Burnside's Lemma: Lighting Arrangements

  • Thread starter Elzair
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In summary, using Burnside's Lemma, we can determine that there are 2.5 unique arrangements of lights when a ring of ten lights is hung around a window in a specific fashion, where the window can be observed from either side but not rotated.
  • #1
Elzair
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Homework Statement


A ring of ten lights is hanged around the inside of a window in the following fashion.

Code:
1   2   3
10      4
9       5
8   7   6

Each light may be either on or off. Use Burnside's Lemma to find the number of unique arrangements of lights if the window can be be observed from either side (but obviously not rotated).

Homework Equations



Given a group G acting on a set X,
the number of distinct orbits = [tex] \frac{\sum_{g \epsilon G} \left| X_{g} \right| }{ \left| G \right| } [/tex]
where [tex] X_{g} = \left\{ x \epsilon X | g * x = x \right\} [/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution



If each light can be either on or of, the number of colorings = 2
If the window can only be flipped, then [tex] G = \left\{ \mu_{0} , \mu_{1} \right\} [/tex], so [tex] \left| G \right| = 2[/tex]

When the window is flipped, the 2 & 7 lights remain the same:
Code:
3   2   1
4       10
5       9
6   7   8

[tex]\mu_{0} =[/tex]
( 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 )
( 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 )

[tex]\mu_{1} =[/tex]
( 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 )
( 3 2 1 10 9 7 8 6 5 4 )
[tex]\mu_{1} = (1 3)(4 10)(5 9)(6 7)[/tex]

Alright, how do I proceed?
 
Last edited:
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  • #2
X_{\mu_{0}} = \left\{ (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) \right\}X_{\mu_{1}} = \left\{ (1, 3), (4, 10), (5, 9), (6, 7) \right\}Therefore, the number of distinct orbits = \frac{\left| X_{\mu_{0}} \right| + \left| X_{\mu_{1}} \right|}{\left| G \right|} = \frac{1 + 4}{2} = 2.5
 

Related to Burnside's Lemma: Lighting Arrangements

1. What is Burnside's Lemma?

Burnside's Lemma is a mathematical concept used in combinatorics to solve problems related to the number of ways to arrange objects. It was named after mathematician William Burnside who first presented it in the late 19th century.

2. How is Burnside's Lemma applied to lighting arrangements?

In lighting arrangements, Burnside's Lemma is used to calculate the number of distinct ways to arrange a set of lights on a circular or symmetrical object. It takes into account the rotational symmetries of the object to reduce the number of arrangements that need to be counted.

3. Can Burnside's Lemma be used for non-symmetrical lighting arrangements?

No, Burnside's Lemma is specifically designed for symmetrical objects. If the object is not symmetrical, a different method of counting arrangements would need to be used.

4. What are the key components of Burnside's Lemma?

The key components of Burnside's Lemma are the number of elements in the set being arranged, the number of symmetries of the object, and the number of elements that remain unchanged under each symmetry. These components are used to calculate the total number of distinct arrangements.

5. Are there any limitations to Burnside's Lemma?

Burnside's Lemma can only be applied to problems involving arrangements of objects. It cannot be used for other types of combinatorial problems such as permutations or combinations. Additionally, it is limited to symmetrical objects and cannot be used for non-symmetrical arrangements.

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