- #1
luqman
- 1
- 0
- Homework Statement
- Prove that Equ (1) becomes Equ (3) after the coordinate transformation given in Equ (2)
- Relevant Equations
- Equ 1:
$$\chi(\mathbf{k},\omega,\mathbf{R},T)=
\frac{\partial F}{\partial \omega} \frac{\partial G}{\partial T}
-\frac{\partial F}{\partial T} \frac{\partial G}{\partial \omega}
-\mathbf{\nabla_k}F\cdot\mathbf{\nabla_R}G
+\mathbf{\nabla_R}F\cdot\mathbf{\nabla_k}G \tag{1}
$$
here ##F,G## are any functions of ##(\mathbf{k},\omega,\mathbf{R},T)##.
Equ 2:
$$
\mathbf{P}=\mathbf{k}-\mathbf{A}(\mathbf{R},T) \tag{2a}
$$
$$
\Omega = \omega - U(\mathbf{R},T) \tag{2b}
$$
Equ 3:
$$
\begin{align}
\chi(\mathbf{k},\omega,\mathbf{R},T)= \chi(\mathbf{P},\Omega,\mathbf{R},T)
+\mathbf{E}\cdot
\left(
\frac{\partial F}{\partial \Omega} \mathbf{\nabla_P}G
-\mathbf{\nabla_P}F\frac{\partial G}{\partial \Omega}
\right)\nonumber \\
+\mathbf{B}\cdot \left(
\mathbf{\nabla_P}F \times \mathbf{\nabla_P}G
\right) \tag{3}
\end{align}
$$
here ##\mathbf{E}=-\mathbf{\nabla_R}U-\frac{\partial \mathbf{A}}{\partial T}## and ##\mathbf{B}=\mathbf{\nabla_R}\times\mathbf{A}##
My Progress:
I tried to perform the coordinate transformation by considering a general function ##f(\mathbf{k},\omega,\mathbf{R},T)## and see how its derivatives with respect all variable ##(\mathbf{k},\omega,\mathbf{R},T)## change:
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial\omega} f = \frac{\partial\mathbf{P}}{\partial\omega}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + \frac{\partial\Omega}{\partial\omega} \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + \frac{\partial\mathbf{R}}{\partial\omega}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + \frac{\partial T}{\partial\omega} \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{4a}
$$
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial T} f = \frac{\partial\mathbf{P}}{\partial T}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + \frac{\partial\Omega}{\partial T} \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + \frac{\partial\mathbf{R}}{\partial T}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + \frac{\partial T}{\partial T} \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{4b}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_k} f = \mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + \mathbf{\nabla_k}\Omega \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + \mathbf{\nabla_k}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + \mathbf{\nabla_k} T \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{4c}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_R} f = \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + \mathbf{\nabla_R}\Omega \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + \mathbf{\nabla_R}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + \mathbf{\nabla_R} T \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{4d}
$$
here ##\star## indicates that I don't know what kind of operator (dot, cross) should be used. While I am very confident that 4a and 4b are correct, I am not sure about 4c and 4d. For example, in 4a I put dot operator between two "vector" quantities ##\frac{\partial\mathbf{P}}{\partial\omega}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f## because the RHS should be a scalar (just like LHS) and the only way to get scalar is to take dot product between vectors. I do the same in 4b.
In 4c, the LHS is a vector (##\mathbf{\nabla_k} f ##), so the RHS should also be a vector. But I have quantities which I don't how to solve. For example: ##\mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P}, \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P}## and what should be ##\star## operator? a dot product, cross?
Using the expression given in (2), I can simplify these equations till:
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial\omega} f = (0)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + (1) \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + (0)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + (0) \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{5a}
$$
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial T} f = \left(-\frac{\partial\mathbf{A}}{\partial T}\right)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f +\left(- \frac{\partial U}{\partial T}\right) \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + (0)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + (1) \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{5b}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_k} f = \mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + (0) \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega}+ \mathbf{\nabla_k}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + (0) \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{5c}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_R} f = \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P}f - \mathbf{\nabla_R}U \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} +\mathbf{\nabla_R}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}f +(0) \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{5d}
$$
So, the relation between different derivatives is:
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial\omega} = \frac{\partial }{\partial\Omega} \tag{6a}
$$
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial T} = \left(-\frac{\partial\mathbf{A}}{\partial T}\right)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P} +\left(- \frac{\partial U}{\partial T}\right) \frac{\partial }{\partial\Omega} +\frac{\partial }{\partial T} \tag{6b}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_k} = \mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P} + \mathbf{\nabla_k}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}\tag{6c}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_R} = \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P} - \mathbf{\nabla_R}U \frac{\partial }{\partial\Omega} +\mathbf{\nabla_R}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R} \tag{6d}
$$
To proceed, I need to simplify expressions in 6c and 6d. But I don't know how to solve: ##\mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P} \star, \mathbf{\nabla_k}\mathbf{R} \star, \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P} \star, \mathbf{\nabla_R}\mathbf{R} \star ##.
Someone please nudge me in right direction. Please, please. I have spent so much time writing this question.
I tried to perform the coordinate transformation by considering a general function ##f(\mathbf{k},\omega,\mathbf{R},T)## and see how its derivatives with respect all variable ##(\mathbf{k},\omega,\mathbf{R},T)## change:
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial\omega} f = \frac{\partial\mathbf{P}}{\partial\omega}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + \frac{\partial\Omega}{\partial\omega} \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + \frac{\partial\mathbf{R}}{\partial\omega}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + \frac{\partial T}{\partial\omega} \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{4a}
$$
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial T} f = \frac{\partial\mathbf{P}}{\partial T}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + \frac{\partial\Omega}{\partial T} \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + \frac{\partial\mathbf{R}}{\partial T}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + \frac{\partial T}{\partial T} \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{4b}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_k} f = \mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + \mathbf{\nabla_k}\Omega \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + \mathbf{\nabla_k}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + \mathbf{\nabla_k} T \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{4c}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_R} f = \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + \mathbf{\nabla_R}\Omega \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + \mathbf{\nabla_R}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + \mathbf{\nabla_R} T \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{4d}
$$
here ##\star## indicates that I don't know what kind of operator (dot, cross) should be used. While I am very confident that 4a and 4b are correct, I am not sure about 4c and 4d. For example, in 4a I put dot operator between two "vector" quantities ##\frac{\partial\mathbf{P}}{\partial\omega}\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f## because the RHS should be a scalar (just like LHS) and the only way to get scalar is to take dot product between vectors. I do the same in 4b.
In 4c, the LHS is a vector (##\mathbf{\nabla_k} f ##), so the RHS should also be a vector. But I have quantities which I don't how to solve. For example: ##\mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P}, \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P}## and what should be ##\star## operator? a dot product, cross?
Using the expression given in (2), I can simplify these equations till:
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial\omega} f = (0)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + (1) \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + (0)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + (0) \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{5a}
$$
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial T} f = \left(-\frac{\partial\mathbf{A}}{\partial T}\right)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P}f +\left(- \frac{\partial U}{\partial T}\right) \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} + (0)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + (1) \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{5b}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_k} f = \mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P}f + (0) \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega}+ \mathbf{\nabla_k}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}f + (0) \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{5c}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_R} f = \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P}f - \mathbf{\nabla_R}U \frac{\partial f}{\partial\Omega} +\mathbf{\nabla_R}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}f +(0) \frac{\partial f}{\partial T} \tag{5d}
$$
So, the relation between different derivatives is:
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial\omega} = \frac{\partial }{\partial\Omega} \tag{6a}
$$
$$
\frac{\partial}{\partial T} = \left(-\frac{\partial\mathbf{A}}{\partial T}\right)\cdot \mathbf{\nabla_P} +\left(- \frac{\partial U}{\partial T}\right) \frac{\partial }{\partial\Omega} +\frac{\partial }{\partial T} \tag{6b}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_k} = \mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P} + \mathbf{\nabla_k}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R}\tag{6c}
$$
$$
\mathbf{\nabla_R} = \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P} \star \mathbf{\nabla_P} - \mathbf{\nabla_R}U \frac{\partial }{\partial\Omega} +\mathbf{\nabla_R}\mathbf{R} \star \mathbf{\nabla_R} \tag{6d}
$$
To proceed, I need to simplify expressions in 6c and 6d. But I don't know how to solve: ##\mathbf{\nabla_k} \mathbf{P} \star, \mathbf{\nabla_k}\mathbf{R} \star, \mathbf{\nabla_R} \mathbf{P} \star, \mathbf{\nabla_R}\mathbf{R} \star ##.
Someone please nudge me in right direction. Please, please. I have spent so much time writing this question.