We can safely assume that the exhaust velocity of -1500 m/s is always measured relative to the then-current velocity of the craft.
At the beginning of the burn, the craft is moving at 0 m/s relative to the station and the exhaust is moving at -1500 m/s relative to the station.
At the end of...
The velocity of the most recently expelled exhaust gas would be -1400 m/s in that frame, yes. However, the exhaust stream as a whole does not share that single velocity. The exhaust stream is not a rigid rod. It is an expanding cloud of gasses.
My mother, a second grade school teacher, developed the useful skill of reading children's handwriting upside-down.
[My useless skill is reciting the alphabet backward]
"proper velocity" has no speed limit at ##c##. It is not a velocity as measured in a single inertial frame.
Consider, for example, a passenger speeding 4 light years to Alpha Centauri at a ludicrous fraction of the speed of light so that the trip takes mere seconds of his elapsed proper time...
If the motion is like a jump rope then the ##x## axis (the line between the anchored end points) would remain in place. One then has a choice to make.
One could use an inertial coordinates where points on the rope are rotating in the ##y## and ##z## directions. With this choice, the bits of...
In a typical bicycle wheel, the spokes are in radial tension while the rim is under circumferential compression. The spoke tension is significantly larger than the centripetal force that would be required to keep the bits of rim in uniform circular motion at the rotation rates encountered in...
Then stop yapping?
Yes. You can apply any force you like. But if you apply a centripetal force, it will supply zero torque.
The centripetal force required to keep an object in uniform circular motion is ##F_c=\frac{mv^2}{R}##, yes.
Presumably any such force is supplied by the spokes of the...
Computer people and mathematical people tend to think about modulus differently.
For computer folks, we think about modulus arithmetic as a function. You put a dividend and a divisor in. You get a remainder out. So "3 mod 2" is a number: The remainder of three upon division by two. Just as you...
I do not see anything missed, although it seems like more work than is required.
I would have liked to see the point more clearly and directly made that $$|a_A^x| = \frac{T_1}{m} > \frac{T_1 \sin \theta}{m} = |a_B^x|$$
Personally, I would have taken a different approach. Reason first that the...
It is not clearly specified, but I believe that Alice is only told which row she is to fill in and Bob is only told which column he will fill in.
Alice reads from the agreed-upon 3 x 3 table by looking at the selected row and making the set of three choices listed in that row.
Bob reads from...
When I want to reconcile this simplifying assumption with the real world, I tend to think about things relaxing toward an equilibrium. This will make more sense once one has an intuition for spring-like behavior under one's belt.
As one pushes harder and harder on an object, it deflects more...